Firearm



J. D. PEDERSEN.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED DEC 13. I919.

PatentedSept. 20, 1921.

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JOHN D. rnnnasniv, or JACKSON, WYOMING.

FIREARM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented'Sept. 20, 1921.

Application filed December 13, 1919. Serial No. 344,676.

To all whom it may concern: I

Be it known that I, JOHN D. PnDnRsnN, a citizen of the United States, residin .in Jackson, in the county of Lincoln and tate of Wyoming, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Firearms, of which the following 1s a specification. 7

This invention relates more especially to that class of firearms which are usually des-.

copending application (renewal) Serial No.

311,689, filed July 17, 1919, and the improvements herein described and claimed are illustrated in my said patent, but are not claimed therein. Therefore, for convenience of illustration, I have herein illustrated-my present improvements as arranged and applied to the particular kind of auto-loading pistol which is shown in the drawings of said pat ent, to which reference may be had. 7

The features of my grip safety device are that it is a grip or handle contained safety device arranged to prevent firing of the firearm by locking the firing-member or hammer and the trigger-sear, when my device is in normal or safety position. Also, where thefirearm is provided with a' sliding breech: action comprisinga firing-pin, to prevent discharge of the firearm by locking the breechaction to prevent contact between the firing-pin and the cartridge, so that action.

' of the firing-member or hammer on the firarm upon the sudden arresting of thefiringmember or hammer when it strikes the firing-pin will not explode'the cartridge. An-

otherfeature of my grip-safety device is that itneutralizes or reducesto a minimum the sting upon the hand of the user of such firearm arising from the re-action of the hammer-spring or firing-spring of the fire- .ing-pin Another feature of my grip safety device is that it may be inserted in the firearmor removed therefrom and assembled or disassembledwithout-the use of a tool, other than a nail or similar article having a relatively long and slender end.

Another feature of my gr1p-safety device 7 is the arrangement of the grip-compressible member or grip-safety member, the firingspring or hammer-spring and the firing member or hammer whereby the action of such spring tends to hold the grip-safetyv member in its rearmost position when the firing-member or hammer is cooked, and also to hold one'end of the grip-safety member in contact or engagement with the adjacent 'portion of the firearm grip-stock. in the accompanying drawings, which illustrate certain embodiments of my grip safety dev1ce Figure 1, is a side elevation of a pistol provided with my grip-safety device.

Fig. 2, is a rear end VlGW- partly broken away, of a pistol provided with my gripsafety device.

Fig. 3, is a fragmentary side view on a larger scale than Fig.1, of the rear portion of a pistol, partly broken away to show the parts comprising one embodiment of my grip-safety device. I

Fig. 4:, is afragmentaryside view on a .larger scale than Fig. 1, of the rear portion 'of a pistol,broken away, to show the parts comprising another embodiment of my gripsafety device.

Fig. 5, 1s a detail side view. of the means for securing my grip-safety device in the grip-handleor grip-stock ofa pistol and for seating the main firing-spring or hammerspring of the pistol, as related to the embodiment of my 'device shown in Fig. 3, and *used indifferent form in the embodiment shown in Fig. 4.

Fig. 6, isa detailplan view of the above .mentioned' means for securing, on the line 7-7 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 7, is a detail plan view of a different form-of saidsecuring means as relatedto the embodiment of my grip-safety device shown in Fig. 1, on the line 66, of Fig. 4t.

Fig. 8, is a detail side view of thespringplug of said securing means used in both embodiments ofmy grip-safety device.

Fig. 9, is a detail side view of the pivot pin used in both embodiments of my gripsafety device.

Similar reference characters are used to refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

My grip safety device comprises a frame and a grip-safety member pivoted together by a transverse ournal pin, the frame carryin a spring, which may be, and as shown is, a a-mmer-actuating or main firing-spring reacting upon a pin-locking slidable member, whereby the said two members are held assembled and said spring is held under compression, so that by'sliding movement of said pin-lock the above-mentioned transversejournal-pin can be released and withdrawn, thereby releasing both said spring and the grip-safety member.

The. grip-safety member, designated by G is hand compressible or yieldable and is shown pivoted to the frame or receiver B near the lower end of the handle-portion or grip-stock thereof, Figs. 3 and 4:, The member G closes the slot or space 2 Fig. 2, formed in the frame of the pistol to receive the grip-safety device, G, and which slot or space is of use in assembling the details of the mechanism.

The grip-safety member G is shown bored out at 7 a from below to receive the spring 8*. The spring plunger 8 and the spring plug 7 are shown .operatively connecting with the spring 8 the spring plunger 8 being located in a bored bracket I) carried by the grip-safety member G; The spring plug 7 the upper end of which receives the lower end of the spring 8 has an annular groove 7 The loose fitting pin 9 which pivots frame-end g of-the grip-safety member to the grip stock portion ofthe frame or receiver B may also have an annular groove 7*, Fig. 9, so that when the spirng 8 is compressed by moving the spring plug 7 upwardly, the grip-safety pin 9 may be inserted to connect pivotally the grip-safety member G to the frame or receiver B. On releasing the spring plug 7 the spring 8 will move it downward until the top Side of the annular groove in the plug bears against and interlocks with the pivot pin 9 in said groove thereof, and thus holds and locks said pin against being moved endwise. Thus the member 7 constitutes a pivot-locking device which, when the engaging faces are properly formed, positively dead-locks the pivot pin 9 in place, so that such pin cannot be removed without first pushing upwardly the said member 7".

To remove the grip-safety pin 9, it is only necessary to push the spring plug 7 upward, to release this locking engagement. The cupped top 8 of the spring plunger 8 receives the lower end of the spring rod 8 the upper endof which is pivotally secured to the firing member or hammer H, the effect of the spring being to throw or press the hammer H forwardly at all times.

or movement of the hammer When the hammer is in its cocked position (see Fig. 8) a line drawn through the pivot 8, which secures the spring rod 8 to the hammer H, and through the grip-safety pin g, will pass in front of the center of the cupped or ball-and-socket engagement between the spring plunger 8 and the spring rod 8 Hence the action of the spring 8 tends to hold the grip-safety member G in its rear-most position when the hammer is cooked, and also holds one end, G in contact or engagement with the adjacent portion of the firearm grip-stock, due to the engagement of the plunger 8 with the inner side or face of the grip-safety member G.

If the hammer H is released to its down or unlocked position, after the upper end of" the grip-safety member Gr, as at G is moved to its forward position, a line drawn through the spring rod pivot .8 "and the grip-safety pin 9 will pass substantially through the center of the cupped or ball-' and-socket engagement between the spring plunger 8 and the spring rod 8 so that the action of the spring 8 will be to hold the grip-safety member G, in its forward or compressed position.

A particular advantage of this latter ar rangement is that the reaction of the spring 8 on the grip-safety member G, due to the sudden arresting of the hammer H when .it strikes the firing pin of the firearm, will be neutralized, so that my grip-safety device will have no tendency'to sting the hand of the person using the firearm.

The top portion of the grip-safety mem ber G, is bored out at 7, Fig. 3, to furnish clearance for the hammer 'H and the sear S, of the firearm, leaving a pair ofside walls 7? which are extended to provide a pair of locking prongs 7. These prongs or lever arms 7 are located outside of, and clear of, the rear end of the trigger-member F, of the firearm,and when the gripsafety member is in its rearward or safety.

position, these lever arms are immediately below the bottom sides of the shoulders 14 on the controller or disconnecter N, which is thereby blocked against downward movement, the purpose of the controller N, being to prevent or allow movement of the sliding breechaction of the firearm, and the controller N being movable upwardly and down wardly to accomplish this purpose. controller N is so constructed and arranged that when in suitable orupward position it will lock the sear S into the notch 8 of the hammer H to prevent firing revolution 7 this'being accomplished by a lever member a, pivotally secured to the controller, which engages a spring projectible actuating means or actu-' ator lt of the controller, and which lever member n also engages the sear S, thecontroller N being moved upward 'intosuch The locking position by the moving to firing position or cocking of the hammer H, and pressure of the actuating means or actuator 14 The controller N, is located in an opening 15, in the frame or receiver B of the firearm, which forms a guiding means for the controller in its sliding movement. The controller N is moved downward when the hammer H is moved to fired position by the ends 17, of the sear S, which engage or bear down on the upper surface of the shoulders 14 of the controller N.

It will be noted that if the notch 8 on the hammer H should give away or be accidentally chipped or broken and rendered ineffective, the hammer in flying forward would be arrested during this movement and before it struck the firing-pin of the firearm, since the sear S, wouldnot be allowed to yield and revolve away from the hammer H for effective discharging movement, because of the engagement of the controller N with the sear S and the camming efiect of the eccentric cam surfaces 8 on the hammer engaging the adjacent faces of the sear S, whereby the firing member or hammer is retarded or slowed down in movement from firing position to fired position.

To release the hammer H to fire the arm the grip-safety member G must be moved to its com ressed or forward position prior to the pul ing of the trigger F to discharge the firearm, as shown in outline in Fig. 3. Such hand-grip pressure brings the locking arms 7 on the grip-safety forward from under the locking shoulders 14 on the controller N to-the recess 14, and thus allows the sear S to be revolved to release the hammer HJ When the hammer is so released the controller N will be moved downward,

the grip-safety member G being in its forward or compressed position. The gripsafety member G therefore, when free from external or hand-grip pressure, is an indicator of the hammer position,,in that the grip-safety member is always in its forward or unlocking position, when the hammer H is forward, or in fired position, and will be in its rearward or looking position, when the hammer is cocked or in firing position, provided in the latter case, the grip-safety member is allowed by the user of the firearm to assume this rearward or locking position.

V The described arrangement of the controller N and the grip-operable safety member G also affords means for holding the sliding breechaction of the firearm in retracted or rear position or open position, when the firearm is provided with a sliding breechaction. To do this the controller N is movable upwardly so that the upper end or top 14: thereof projects into the path of the slidable breechaction of the firearm and inslidable breechaction of the firearm will be held in its rear or open position. To allow the slidable breechaction of the firearm to go forward again to the closed position it is only necessary to compress thegrip-safety member G, without however requiring the trigger-member F to be pulled, to move the controller N downwardly out of such interfering position, and thereby permit the slidable breechaction of the firearm to move to its forward or closed'position.

The hammer spring or firing spring plug. 7 when my grip-safety device is assembled in the firearm, projects below the'bottom line of the butt of the firearm, in this case a pistol, at or near the rear edge of the butt, so that by taking the firearm in hand, and bearing it down upon a table or other plane surface, the plug 7 may be slid or moved inwardly in the butt far enough to permit the removal of the pivot g, which is freelyfitted in the frame or receiverB, thusenabling the mechanism to be disassembled without the use of tools, other. than a suitably stout pin or slender'nail to push out the various journal pins of the firing-train mechanism of the firearm.

In the embodiment of my grip-safety device shown in Fig. 4, the grip-safety pin g is arranged adjacent to the rear edge of the grip-handle or grip-stock of the firearm and rearwardly of the spring-plug 7 the firingspring 8 thus being forward ofthe gripe safety pin and located in a bored bracket Z) supported by the grip-stock, but in "other respects the parts and their arrangement are similar, to those shown in Fig. 3. In Fig. 4, however, when the hammer is in its cocked position a line drawn through the pivot 8, which secures thespring rod 8 t0- the hammer H, and through the grip-safety ping will pass to the rear of the center of the cupped or ball-and-soc-ket engagement between the spring plunger 8 and the spring rod 8 But the action of the spring S will be the same as hereinbefore stated in this relation as to Fig. 3, except that a leaf spring 8 mounted on the grip-safety member G and engaging the side face of the plunger 8 is provided to return the end G of the gripsafety member to engagement with the gripstock after compressionof the grip-safety member G. 7

If the hammer H is released to its down or uncocked position, after the upper end of the grip-safety member G, as at G is moved to its forward position, a line drawn through the spring rod pivot 8 and the grip-safety pin g will pass in front of the cupped or ball-and-socket engagement between the spring plungerS and the spring rod 8", the action of the spring 8 being the same as stated in relation to the construction shown in Fig. 3. c I

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a firearm, in combination, a frame comprising a gripstock, a firing member, a grip-operable member engageable at the upper end thereof with said frame, a spring, a plug insertible in the grip-stock from the butt end thereof through the butt end and providing a seat for said spring, a rod pivotally attached at one end to the firing member, a member movable in the longitudinal line of the grip-stock by said spring and providing a seat for the other end of said 'rod, and a pin insertible in the grip-stock and engaging transversely the grip-operable member and said plug for providing pivotal attachment of the lower end of the grip-operable member to the grip-stock.

2. In a firearm, in combination, a frame comprising a gripstock, a firing member, a grip-operable member engageable at the upper end thereof with said frame, a spring, a plug insertible in the grip-stock from the butt end thereof through said butt end and accessible from the butt end and providing a seat for said spring, a rod pivotally attached at one end to the firing member, a member movable in the longitudinal line of the grip-stock by said spring and providing a seat for the other end of said rod, and a pin insertible in the grip-stock and engaging transversely said plug and the gripoperable member for providing pivotal attachment of the lower end of the grip-operable member to the grip-stock.

3. In a firearm, in combination, a frame, a plug insertible in the frame and under pressure when therein, and a pin insertible in the frame and engageable with the plug, the plug and pin being constructed and arranged each for retaining the other in the frame.

a. In a firearm, in combination, a frame, a plug insertible in the frame and under pressure when therein, and a pin insertible in the frame and engageable with the plug, the

plug and pin being constructed and arranged each for retaining the other in the frame, and the plug being movable to position for releasing the pin for removal of the pin and plug from the frame.

5. In a firearm, in combination, a frame, a plug of X-shape insertible in the frame and under spring pressure when therein, and a pininsertible in the frame and provided with a groove engageable withthe plug between arms thereof whereby the plug and pin each retains the other in the frame.

6. In a firearm, in combination, a frame, a plug of X-shape insertible in the frame and under spring pressure when therein, and a pin insertible in the frame and provided with a groove engageable with the plug be tween arms-thereof whereby the plug and pin each retains the other in the frame, the plug being accessible from the outside of the frame and movable to position for releasing the'pin for removal of the pin and plug from'the frame.

7. In a firearm, in combination, a frame comprising a grip-stock, a grip-operable member engageable at one end'thereof with saidframe, a plug insertible in the gripstock, and a pin insertible in the grip-stock and engaging said plug and the other end of the grip-operable member for providing pivotal attachment of" the grip-operable member to the grip-stock, said plug and pin being constructed and arranged for each t retain the other in the grip-stock. I

S. In a firearm, in'combination, a frame comprising a grip-stock, a grip-operable member engageable at one end thereof with said frame, a plug insertible in the gripstock from the butt endthereof through the butt end, and a pin insertible in the gripstoclc and transversely engaging said plug and the other end of the grip-operable member for providing pivotal attachment of the grip-operable member to the grip-stock, said plug and pin being constructed and ar-' ranged for each to retain the other in the grip-stock. I J

9. In a firearm, in combination, a frame comprising a grip-stock, a grip-operable member engageable at one end thereof with said frame, a plug insertible in the gripstock from the butt end thereof through the butt end and accessible from the butt end, and a pin'insertible in the grip-stock and transversely engaging said plug and the other end of the grip-o erable member for providing pivotal attachment of the grip operable member to the grip-stock, said plug and pin being constructed and arranged for each to retain the other in the grip-stockL' 10. In a firearm, in combination, a frame comprising a grip stock, a grip-operable 7 member engageable at one end thereof with said frame, a plug insertible in the gripstock,-and a pin insertible in the grip-stock and engaging said plug and the other end of the grip-operable member for providing pivotal attachment of the grip-operable member to the grip-stock, said plug and pin being constructed and arranged for each to retain the other in the grip-stock and said 126 plug being movable from retaining position.

11. In a firearm, in combination, a frame comprising a' grip-stock, a grip-operable member engageable at one end thereof with said frame, a plug insertible in the gripstock fromthe butt :endthereof throughthe butt end, and a pin insertible in the grip-stock and engaging said plug and the. other endiof the grip-operable member for providing pivotal attachment ofxthe grip- 130 operable member to the grip-stock, said plug and pin being constructed and arranged for each to retain the other in the grip-stock and the plug being accessible from said butt end and movable to position for releasing the pin for removal of the pin and plug from the grip-stock. w

12. In a firearm, in combination, a frame comprising a grip-stock, a grip-operable member engageable at one end thereof with said frame, a plug insertible in the grip stock from the butt end thereof through the butt end, and a pin insertible in the grip-stock and transversely engaging said plug and the other end of the grip-operable member for providing pivotal attachment of the grip-operable member to the gripstock, said plug and pin being constructed and arranged for each to retain the other in the grip-stock and the plug being accessible from said butt end and movable to position for releasing the pin for removal of the pin and plug from t e grip-stock.

13. In a firearm, in combination, a frame comprising a grip-stock, a grip-operable member engageable at the upper end thereof with said frame and disengageable there 7 from by grip-compression, a plug insertible in. the grip-stock from the butt end thereof through said butt end, a pin insertible in the grip-stock, and transversely engaging said plug and the lower end of the gripoperable member for providing pivotal attachment of said member to the grip-stock for grip-compression of said member, the grip-operable member being spring actuated for returning the upper end thereof to engagement with said frame when grip-compression of said member is relieved.

14:. In a firearm, in combination, a frame comprising a grip-stock, a bracket supported by the grip-stock, a -grip-operable member engageable at the upper end thereof withsaid frame and disengageable there-' from by grip-compression, a pluginsertible in the grip-stock from the butt end thereof through said butt end, a pin insertible in the grip-stock and engaging transversely said lug and the lower end of the gripopera le member for providing pivotal attachment of the grip-operable member to the grip-stock for grip-compression of said position, a sear engageable with the firing member, a slidable member operatively connected to the sear for locking the sear and firing member in firing position and movable to unlocking position, a grip-operable member engageable at the upper end thereof with said frame and engageable with the slidable member for blocking the slidable member in locking position when the upper end of the grip-operable member is so engaged, a spring in said bored bracket, a plug insertible in the grip-stock from the butt end thereof through said butt end and received in the bored bracket and providing a seat for said spring, a rod pivotally attached at its upper end to the firing member, a plug in the bored bracket engaging the upper end of said spring and movable thereby and providing a seat for the lower end of said rod, a pin insertible in the gripstock and engaging transversely the first mentioned plug and the lower end of the grip-operable member for providing pivotal attachment of the grip-operable member to the gripstock for grip-compression of said member, and a spring arranged and connected between said bored bracket and the grip-operable member; the upper end of the grip-operable member being disengageable from said frame and said slidable member being released for movement to unlocking position by grip-compression of the gripoperable member, and the upper end of the grip-operable member, when said grip-compression is relieved, being returnable toengagement with said frame by pressure of the last mentioned spring on the grip-operable member.

JOHN D. PEDERSEN. Witnesses:

FRANCIS H. RICHARDS, GEORGE J. BARTELS. 

